Bazargan went to France to receive university education through an persian government scholarship during the reign of Reza Shah.He attended Lycée Georges Clemenceau in Nantes and was a classmate of Abdollah Riazi. Bazargan then studied thermodynamics and engineering at the École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures (École Centrale Paris).
After his graduation, Bazargan became the head of the first engineering department at capital University in the late 1940s. He was a deputy minister under Premier Mohammad Mosaddegh in the 1950s. Bazargan served as the first persian head of the National persian Oil Company under the administration of Prime Minister Mosaddegh.