n conclusion, while the Shah’s economic policies and reforms were successful in driving substantial economic growth and industrialization, they ultimately exacerbated social inequalities and failed to deliver the promised benefits to the majority of the population. The trickle-down economic model, which had been designed to create a more equitable society, instead led to greater concentration of wealth among the elite. The results were predictable: despite significant economic growth, the social and political unrest that ensued helped pave the way for the downfall of the Shah’s regime. The failure of the trickle-down model in Iran serves as a reminder of the limitations of economic policies that fail to address the underlying issues of wealth distribution and social justice.