Title: Israel Under Fire: Evacuations, Economic Fallout, and the National Response to Iran’s Missile Strikes Introduction On a tense and defining day in Israel’s recent history, Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich addressed the nation with grim figures that brought home the impact of Iran’s direct attacks. “Our teams have handled, as of Saturday, 14,583 claims for direct damage from the attacks …

Amir Ali Hajizadeh: The Aerospace Commander of the IRGC Introduction Amir Ali Hajizadeh (March 21, 1961 – June 23, 1404) was one of the most prominent military figures in the Islamic Republic of Iran, serving as a brigadier general in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and the commander of its Aerospace Force from 2009 until his death. Known for …

Mohammad Hossein Afshardi (Mohammad Bagheri): A Military Life Shaped by War and Strategy Introduction Mohammad Hossein Afshardi, more widely known by his wartime and official name, Mohammad Bagheri, was one of the most prominent military commanders of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Born in 1939 (1960 AD) and martyred on June 13, 1404 (June 3, 2025 AD), Bagheri rose through …

The Tenth Term of the National Consultative Assembly and the Evolution of Iran’s Parliament: A Historical and Architectural Survey On the morning of 15 Khordad 1314 (June 5, 1935), the tenth term of the National Consultative Assembly of Iran (Majles-e Showrā-ye Melli) was officially inaugurated in a ceremonial session attended by Reza Shah Pahlavi and senior government officials. This moment …

The Qajar Dynasty: Origins, Power, and Legacy in Iran (1796–1925) The Qajar dynasty (also spelled Kadjar), was a royal family of Turkic origin that ruled Iran from 1796 to 1925, marking a pivotal era in Iranian history. The Qajars rose to power after the fall of the Zand dynasty, uniting a fractured nation and leading it through one of its …

The life and death of Mahin Zarinpanjeh, a prominent Iranian musician, composer, and pianist, reflect not only the trajectory of an individual artist but also the cultural and political landscape of Iran over the last century. Her funeral, marked by the absence of prominent artistic and governmental figures, cast a somber and revealing light on the neglect faced by many …

I. The Announcement That Echoed Through History Seventy years ago, in the shadow of post-World War II geopolitics, a quiet but historically significant announcement made its way across headlines in Iran and beyond. In December 1955, the then-government of the former Soviet Union formally declared that it would compensate Iran for the occupation it had endured during the global conflict. …

Makki Zanganeh: The Billionaire Biotech Visionary Who Fought Cancer and Won—Twice In the 2025 edition of Forbes’ annual list of the richest self-made women in America, a new and inspiring name appeared: Makki Zanganeh. With a net worth of $1.5 billion, she claimed the 23rd spot among titans of business, technology, and innovation. But Zanganeh’s inclusion is not just a …

On June 3, 1989, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its Supreme Leader since 1979, passed away after a long period of illness. His death marked the end of a defining chapter in modern Iranian history—a chapter that had seen a monarchy overthrown, a theocratic state established, and a revolution that changed the political …

Mehrdad Asemani: The Voice of Exile and Harmony Mehrdad Asemani, born on July 15, 1967, in Tehran, is a prominent Iranian singer, composer, and arranger whose name has become synonymous with nostalgia, romantic ballads, and sociopolitical commentary in Persian pop music. With a career spanning over three decades and collaborations with some of the most iconic Iranian vocalists, Asemani has …