Shapour Bakhtiar and Mosaddegh cartoon in Ettelaat newspaper 22 January 1978 .In the mid-1950s he was involved in underground activity against the Shah’s regime, calling for the 1954 Majlis elections to be free and fair and attempting to revive the nationalist movement.
In 1951 he was appointed director of the labor department in the Province of Isfahan by the ministry of labor. He later held the same position in Khuzestan, center of the oil industry. There, he attended the College of Political Science.Being a firm opponent of totalitarian rule, he was active in the Spanish Civil War for the Second Spanish Republic against General Francisco Franco’s fascism.
