Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
Rafsanjani’s presidency began with the execution of his presidential decree by Khamenei on August 12, 1989. His administration focused on post-war reconstruction and economic reforms. Rafsanjani was re-elected, and his second term began with the execution of his presidential decree on August 12, 1993.
Seyyed Mohammad Khatami
Khatami’s presidency is remembered for his reformist agenda and efforts to improve civil liberties and political freedoms. Khamenei executed his presidential decrees for both terms, marking a period of relative liberalization in Iranian politics.
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Ahmadinejad’s presidency was characterized by his hardline stance and controversial policies. His presidential decrees were executed by Khamenei for both terms. Ahmadinejad’s tenure saw significant political unrest, particularly following his re-election in 2009.