2. Russia – Oymyakon (Temp : -71 °C)
Oymyakon is a rural locality in Oymyakonsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located along the Indigirka River, 30 kilometers (19 mi) northwest of Tomtor on the Kolyma Highway. Oymyakon is one of the coldest permanently inhabited locales on the planet.It is named after the Oymyakon River, whose name reportedly comes from the Even word kheium, meaning “unfrozen patch of water; place where fish spend the winter.”However, another source states that the Even word heyum (hэjум) (kheium may be a misspelling) means “frozen lake”.
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